The talks that, under that title, were defended in the second edition of the Aras de los Olmos Summer University, while highlighting a heritage of intangible and immeasurable wealth, show the potential and versatility of astronomy as a source for the development of inland territories with clear skies. People coming from the world of politics, teaching and entrepreneurship, situated at the forefront of these processes (art, archaeoastronomy, astromereology, astrotourism, cosmology, environment, technological development, etc.) allow us, with their magnificent collaborations, to immerse ourselves in a world of opportunities for rural development.